lunes, 16 de marzo de 2020

SEVENTH GRADE


TEMAS SEMANA 1

The Present Simple Tense

(also called the simple present tense)


(Download this explanation in PDF)


We need to use the Present Simple a lot in English, so it's really important to understand it well. Many students have problems with the form (or how to make it).

Simple present tense with 'be'



The verb 'be' is different from the other verbs in this tense. Let's look at 'be' first:


Here's the positive form (positive means a normal sentence, not a negative or a question. This is sometimes called 'affirmative')
PositivePositive Short Form
amI'm
you areyou're
he ishe's
she isshe's
it isit's
we arewe're
they arethey're

Next, here's the negative. It's very easy. You only add 'not'.
NegativeNegative short form
am notI'm not
you are notyou aren't
he is nothe isn't
she is notshe isn't
it is notit isn't
we are notwe aren't
they are notthey aren't

And finally let's talk about the question form of the present simple with 'be'.
Firstly, here's the 'yes / no' question form:
Yes / No Questions
am I ?
are you ?
is he ?
is she ?
is it ?
are we ?
are they ?
If you'd like to make a 'wh' question, you just put the question word at the front:
Wh Questions
wheream I ?
whatare you ?
whyis he ?
whois she ?
whenare we ?
howare they ?


Present simple tense with other verbs


With all other verbs, we make the present simple in the same way.

The positive is really easy. It's just the verb with an extra 's' if the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'. Let's take the verb 'play' as an example:
Positive (of 'play')
play
you play
he plays
she plays
it plays
we play
they play
  • Don't forget the 's'! Even really advanced students do this!
  • For a few verbs, there is a spelling change before the 's'. For example, 'study' becomes 'studies'.
  • .
  • There are also few verbs which are irregular in the present simple:
    1. 'have' becomes 'has'
    2. 'do' becomes 'does'
    3. 'go' becomes 'goes'
To make the negative form, you need to use 'do not' (don't) or ' does not' (doesn't).
Negative (of 'play')
do not playdon't play
you do not playyou don't play
he does not playhe doesn't play
she does not playshe doesn't play
it does not playit doesn't play
we do not playwe don't play
they do not playthey don't play

How about the question form of the present simple tense?
We use 'do' or 'does' before the subject to make the 'yes / no' question:
Yes / No questions
do I play ?
do you play ?
does he play ?
does she play ?
does it play ?
do we play ?
do they play ?
Just like with 'be', if you'd like to make a 'wh' question, you just put the question word at the front:
Wh Questions
wheredo I play ?
whatdo you play ?
whydoes he play ?
whodoes she play ?
whendo we play ?
howdo they play ?


semana 2:

FREQUENCY ADVERBS


  • Always (siempre)
  • Usually ( usualmente)
  • Normally // Generally (normalmente // generalmente)
  • Often // Frequently (frecuentemente // a menudo)
  • Sometimes (algunas veces)
  • Occasionally (ocasionalmente)
  • Seldom (pocas veces)
  • Hardly ever // Rarely (casi nunca // rara vez)
  • Never (nunca)

¿Como se utilizan?

Adverbs of frequency go before the main verb but after verb “to be” 
(se colocan antes del verbo principal pero después del verbo “to be”).
    • They don´ t usually watch TV.
    • She never eats sweets.
    • They are usually in bed by 11:30
    • She´s never eaten Chinese food.
    • Have you ever had a really serious illness? (= ever = alguna vez)
      Sometimes, usually, normally, frequently, often and occasionally can also go at the beginning or end of a sentence (en ocasiones, los adverbios indicados, pueden ir al principio o al final de la oración).
      • Sometimes I walk to work.
      • Do you see your parentes often

      Frequency expressions or adverbs phrases of frequency (every evening, once a week, twice a week…) normally go at the end a clause (las “expresiones de frecuencia” se colocan al final de la oración).
      • I watch TV every evening.
      • I go to the cinema twice a week. 
      • We use “How often…?” to ask (utilizamos la fórmula “How often…” para preguntar por la frecuencia con la que alguien hace algo).
        • How often do they watch TV? They watch TV every evening.
        • How often do you go swimming? I go swimming once a week.






      FORMACIÓN DEL PARTICIPIO DE PRESENTE O GERUNDIO (INFINITIVO + ING) Y SUS EXCEPCIONES




      La forma verbo + ing se llama participio de presente (gerundio).
      ¿Cómo se forma el participio de presente? Basta con añadir “ing” al verbo.
      • Talk = talking.
      • Mix = mixing.
      • Play = playing.
      Si el verbo acaba en consonante + vocal acentuada + consonante, debemos duplicar la consonante final antes de añadir el sufijo “ing”.
      • Stop = stopping.
      • Run = runnig.
      • Begin = beginning.
      Los verbos que acaban en vocal + consonante + “e” muda pierden la “e” final antes de añadir el sufijo “ing”.
      • Dance = dancing.
      • Bake = baking.
      • Close = closing.
      Pero, los verbos que acaban en doble “e” la mantienen antes de añadir el sufijo “ing”.
      • Agree = agreeing.
      Finalmente, hay algunos verbos en inglés que acaban en ie. Estos verbos cambian la ie por y antes de añadir el sufijo ing:
      • Lie = lying.
      • Tie = tying.
      • Die = dying.

      VERBOS QUE NO SE UTILIZAN EN PRESENTE CONTINUO

      Existen una serie de verbos que normalmente no pueden emplearse en Presente Continuo, excepto en ocasiones excepcionales:
      • Verbos que expresan sensaciones, como feel (sentir), hear (oír), see (ver) o smell (oler).
      • Verbos que expresan posesión, como belong (pertenecer), own (ser propietario de) o possess (poseer).
      • Verbos que expresan sentimientos o emociones, como desire (anhelar), detest (detestar), dislike (disgustar), fear (temer), hate (odiar), like(gustar), love (amar), respect (respetar), want (querer) o wish (desear).
      • Verbos que expresan actividades mentales, como agree (estar de acuerdo), believe (creer), forget (olvidar), know (saber), realice (darse cuenta), recognize (reconocer), remember (recordar), suppose (suponer), think (pensar) o understand (entender).

      semana 3:  

      PRESENT PROGRESSIVE OR PRESENT CONTINUOUS

      Present continuous, también llamado present progressive o -ing form, es la forma continua del  presente en inglés. Se asemeja al uso del gerundio (ando, endo, iendo) en español. 
      Se utiliza principalmente para expresar acciones que están teniendo lugar en el momento 
      del habla o que tienen un futuro proximo:

      James is travelling around Australia. He is staying at a youth hostel in a little Australian town. 

       The town is becoming more and more popular because of its beautiful beaches.



      Use of the Present Progressive

      Actions happening at the moment of speaking
      Peter is reading a book now.

      Fixed plans in the near future

      We are going to Basel on Saturday.

      Temporary actions: I am working in Rome this month.

      Actions happening around the moment of speaking (longer actions):  My friend is preparing for his exams.

      Trends: More and more people are using their computers to listen to music.

      Repeated actions which are irritating to the speaker   (with alwaysconstantlyforever)

      Andrew is always coming late.

      2. Signal words

      • now
      • at the moment
      • Look!
      • Listen!

      3. Form

      to be (amareis) + Infinitiv + -ing





      Form

      Simple PresentPresent Progressive
      infinitive
      (3rd person singular: infinitive + 's')
      I speak
      you speak
      he / she / it speaks
      we speak
      they speak
      form of 'be' and verb + ing
      I am speaking
      you are speaking
      he / she / it is speaking
      we are speaking
      they are speaking
      Exceptions
      Exceptions when adding 's' :
      • For can, may, might, must, do not add s.
        Example: he can, she may, it must
      • After o, ch, sh or s, add es.
        Example: do - he does, wash - she washes
      • After a consonant, the final consonant y becomes ie. (but: not after a vowel)
        Example: worry - he worries
        but: play - he plays
      Exceptions when adding 'ing' :
      • Silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee)
        Example: come - coming
        but: agree - agreeing
      • After a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled.
        Example: sit - sitting
      • After a vowel, the final consonant l is doubled in British English (but not in American English).
        Example: travel - travelling (British English)
        but: traveling (American English)
      • Final ie becomes y.
        Example: lie - lying

      Use
      In general or right now?

      Do you want to express that something happens in general or that something is happening right now?

      Simple PresentPresent Progressive
      in general (regularly, often, never)
      Colin plays football every Tuesday.
      present actions happening one after another
      First Colin plays football, then he watches TV.
      right now
      Look! Colin is playing football now.
      also for several actions happening at the same time
      Colin is playing football and Anne is watching.

      Signal words

      • always
      • every ...
      • often
      • normally
      • usually
      • sometimes
      • seldom
      • never
      • first
      • then
      • at the moment
      • at this moment
      • today
      • now
      • right now
      • Listen!
      • Look!
      Note: The following verbs are usually only used in Simple Present:
      be, have, hear, know, like, love, see, smell, think, want

      Timetable / Schedule or arrangement?
      Do you want to express that something is arranged for the near future? Or do you refer to a time set by a timetable or schedule?
      Simple PresentPresent Progressive
      action set by a timetable or schedule
      The film starts at 8 pm.
      arrangement for the near future
      I am going to the cinema tonight.

      Daily routine or just for a limited period of time?

      Do you want to talk about a daily routine? Or do you want to emphasis that something is only going on for a limited (rather short) period of time?


      Simple PresentPresent Progressive
      daily routine
      Bob works in a restaurant.
      only for a limited period of time (does not have to happen directly at the moment of speaking)
      Jenny is working in a restaurant this week.

      Certain Verbs

      The following verbs are usually only used in Simple Present (not in the progressive form).
      • state: be, cost, fit, mean, suit
        Example: We are on holiday.
      • possession: belong, have
        Example: Sam has a cat.
      • senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touch
        Example: He feels the cold.
      • feelings: hate, hope, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish
        Example: Jane loves pizza.
      • brain work: believe, know, think, understand
        Example: I believe you.
      • Introductory clauses for direct speech: answer, ask, reply, say
        Example: “I am watching TV,“ he says.

      Explanation video:



      Explanation 2: 

      This video is for learning more about the difference between simple present and present progressive



      SIXTH GRADE



      WELCOME CLASS

      English helps you to commmunicate with others,
       open your mind and gives you new opportunities.
      I invite you to study and investigate by your own,
      it will gives you new tools for ypur life.



      SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

      INFORMACION IMPORTANTE

      SEMANA DEL 14  AL 18 DE SEPTIEMBRE QUERIDOS ESTUDIANTES, ESPERO Y DESEO SE ENCUENTREN BIEN. EN EL CLASSROOM,  HE DEJADO POR CURSO LOS PLANES...